A Teoria do Processo de Trabalho na contemporaneidade
revisão da literatura e caminhos de pesquisa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29404/rtps-v9i14.926Palavras-chave:
Teoria do Processo de Trabalho, Sociologia do Trabalho, Gestão do TrabalhoResumo
A Labor Process Theory (LPT) tem como foco o exame crítico das dinâmicas de controle, consentimento e resistência nos regimes de trabalho sob o capitalismo. Ao longo dos anos, vários de seus desdobramentos conceituais incorporaram tradições teóricas variadas cuja diversidade motivou a pesquisa que deu origem a este artigo. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a produção internacional sobre a LPT nos últimos treze anos, de modo a identificar seus principais temas e agendas de pesquisa. Para tanto, realizou-se revisão da literatura nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus. Observaram-se variados caminhos de pesquisa sobre LPT que incluem temas como: a) ampliação da desqualificação e alienação de trabalhadores de diversos setores; b) interseccionalidades de gênero e raça; c) controle e produção do consentimento; e d) trabalho emocional. Entre os novos temas de pesquisa, destacaram-se o crescente debate acerca do trabalho por aplicativos e discussões de novas formas de exploração do trabalhador e dinâmicas de controle do trabalho.
Referências
ADLER, Paul S.; FORBES, Linda C.; WILLMOTT, Hugh. Critical Management Studies. Academy of Management Review, v. 1, n. 1, p. 119–179, 2007.
ALVESSON, Mats; WILLMOTT, Hugh. Identity regulation as organizational control: Producing the appropriate individual. Journal of Management Studies, v. 39, n. 5, p. 619–644, 2002.
BAGLIONI, Elena. Labour control and the labour question in global production networks: Exploitation and disciplining in Senegalese export horticulture. Journal of Economic Geography, v. 18, n. 1, p. 111–137, 2018.
BAGLIONI, Elena. The Making of Cheap Labour across Production and Reproduction: Control and Resistance in the Senegalese Horticultural Value Chain. Work, Employment and Society, v. 36, n. 3, p. 445–464, 29. 2022.
BARDIN, Laurence. Análise de Conteúdo. 3ª Ed. São Paulo: Edições 70, 2016.
BERTUZZI, Robert. Value Proposition: Canadian Freelance Writers at the Intersection of Exploitation and Alienation. Journal of Marxism and Interdisciplinary Inquiry. v. 11, n. 1, p. 18–33, 2020.
BRAVERMAN, Harry. Trabalho e Capital Monopolista: A degradação do Trabalho no século XX. 3a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Guanabara, 1987.
BRIKEN, Kendra. Welcome in the machine: Human–machine relations and knowledge capture. Capital and Class, v. 44, n. 2, p. 159–171, 2020.
BURAWOY, Michael. Manufacturing Consent. University of Chicago Press, 1979.
CAMERON, Lindsey D.; RAHMAN, Hatim. Expanding the Locus of Resistance: Understanding the Co-constitution of Control and Resistance in the Gig Economy. Organization Science, v. 33, n. 1, p. 38–58. 2022.
CINI, Lorenzo; MACCARRONE, Vincenzo; TASSINARI, Arianna. With or without U(nions)? Understanding the diversity of gig workers’ organizing practices in Italy and the UK. European Journal of Industrial Relations, v. 28, n. 3, p. 341–362, 22. 2022.
COLLINSON, David L. Identities and Insecurities: Selves at Work. Organization, v. 10, n. 3, p. 527–547, 17 ago. 2003.
CROWLEY, Martha. Class, Control, and Relational Indignity: Labor Process Foundations for Workplace Humiliation, Conflict, and Shame. American Behavioral Scientist, v. 58, n. 3, p. 416–434, 2014.
CUMMINGS, Dean. The MMJ became a McJob: The McDonaldization of Multimedia Journalism. KOME, v. 8, n. 2, p. 23–42, 2020.
DONNELLY, Rory; JOHNS, Jennifer. Recontextualising remote working and its HRM in the digital economy: An integrated framework for theory and practice. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, v. 32, n. 1, p. 84–105, 2. 2021.
EDWARDS, Paul. Contested Terrain. New York: Basic Books, 1979.
ELLIOTT, Christopher Shane; LONG, Gary. Manufacturing rate busters: Computer control and social relations in the labour process. Work, Employment & Society, v. 30, n. 1, p. 135–151, 2016.
ELLWAY, Benjamin P.W. Making it Personal in a call centre: Electronic peer surveillance. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 28, n. 1, p. 37–50, 2013.
ERKÖSE, Hüseyin Yener. The battlefields of leisure: simple forms of labor control in the Turkish hospitality sector. New Perspectives on Turkey, v. 63, p. 4–31, 28. 2020.
EZZY, Douglas. Subjectivity and the Labour Process: Conceptualising “Good Work”. Sociology, v. 31, n. 3, p. 427–44, 1997.
FANA, Marta; MASSIMO, Francesco Sabato; MORO, Angelo. Autonomy and Control in Mass Remote Working during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Cross-Occupational Comparison. Relations industrielles, v. 77, n. 3, 2022.
FITZGERALD, Scott; MCGRATH-CHAMP, Susan; STACEY, Meghan; WILSON, Rachel; GAVIN, Mihajla. Intensification of teachers’ work under devolution: A ‘tsunami’ of paperwork. Journal of Industrial Relations, v. 61, n. 5, p. 613–636, 2019.
FLEMING, Peter; STURDY, Andrew. “Just be yourself!”: Towards neo-normative control in organisations? Employee Relations, v. 31, n. 6, p. 569–583, 2009.
FRIEDMAN, Andrew L. Industry and Labour. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1977.
GANDINI, Alessandro. Labour process theory and the gig economy. Human Relations, v. 72, n. 6, p. 1039–1056, 2019.
HEILAND, Heiner. Controlling space, controlling labour? Contested space in food delivery gig work. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 36, n. 1, p. 1–16, 4. 2021.
HOCHSCHILD, Arlie Russell. The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press, 1983.
HUANG, Chuling; HUANG, Yan; MAI, Jingyi. China-Africa Encounter and Worker Resistance: A Case Study of Wildcat Strikes Against a Chinese-Owned Company in Ethiopia. Journal of Contemporary China, p. 1–17, 1. 2022.
HUANG, Hui. Algorithmic management in food‐delivery platform economy in China. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 38, n. 2, p. 185–205, 5. 2023.
HUI, Elaine Sio-ieng; CHAN, Chris King-chi. From production to reproduction: Pension strikes and changing characteristics of workers’ collective action in China. Journal of Industrial Relations, v. 64, n. 1, p. 3–25, 6. 2022.
HUISING, Ruthanne. The erosion of expert control through censure episodes. Organization Science, v. 25, n. 6, p. 1633–1661, 2014.
HUPPATZ, Kate; ROSS-SMITH, Anne. A discipline at the crossroads? Using a gender-inspired paradigm to reposition the sociology of work and employment. Journal of Sociology, v. 53, n. 4, p. 756–770, 2017.
HÜRTGEN, Stefanie. Labour-process-related Racism in Transnational European Production: Fragmenting Work meets Xenophobic Culturalisation among Workers. Global Labour Journal, v. 11, n. 1, p. 18–33, 2020.
IKELER, Peter. Deskilling emotional labour: evidence from department store retail. Work, Employment and Society, v. 30, n. 6, p. 966–983, 2016.
IKELER, Peter. Precarity’s Prospect: Contingent Control and Union Renewal in the Retail Sector. Critical Sociology, v. 45, n. 4–5, p. 501–516, 2019.
IVANOVA, Mirela; VON SCHEVE, Christian. Power through empowerment? The managerial discourse on employee empowerment. Organization, v. 27, n. 6, p. 777–796, 2020.
KNIGHTS, David. Subjectivity, Power and the Labour Process. In: KNIGHTS, DAVID; WILLMOTT, HUGH (Org.). Labour process theory. London: THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD. , 1990.
KNIGHTS, David; MCCABE, Darren. “What Happens when the Phone goes Wild?”: Staff, Stress and Spaces for Escape in a BPR Telephone Banking Work Regime. Journal of Management Studies, v. 35, n. 2, p. 163–194. 1998.
KNIGHTS, David; WILMMOTT, Hugh. Labour Process Theory. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990.
KORCZYNSKI, Marek. The dialectical sense of humour: Routine joking in a Taylorized factory. Organization Studies, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1421–1439, 2011.
KUNDA, Gideon. Engineering Culture: Control and Commitment in a High-Tech Corporation. Organization Science, v. 6, n. 2, p. 819–821, 1995.
LAASER, Knut. ‘If you are having a go at me, I am going to have a go at you’: the changing nature of social relationships of bank work under performance management. Work, Employment and Society, v. 30, n. 6, p. 1000–1016, 2016.
LEHDONVIRTA, Vili. Flexibility in the gig economy: managing time on three online piecework platforms. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 33, n. 1, p. 13–29, 2018.
LEI, Ya-Wen. Delivering Solidarity: Platform Architecture and Collective Contention in China’s Platform Economy. American Sociological Review, v. 86, n. 2, p. 279–309, 12. 2021.
LEMOS, Ana Heloísa; CARVALHO SILVA, Marcelo Almeida; SERRA, Carlos Henrique Aguiar. Loving one’s job: A matter of choice or subjection? German Journal of Human Resource Management, v. 35, n. 1, p. 33–52, 9. 2021.
LI, Angela Ke. Beyond algorithmic control: flexibility, intermediaries, and paradox in the on-demand economy. Information, Communication & Society, v. 25, n. 14, p. 2012–2027, 26. 2022.
LITTLER, Craig R; SALAMAN, Graeme. Bravermania and Beyond: Recent Theories of the Labour Process. Sociology, v. 16, n. 2, p. 251–269, 2. 1982.
LLOYD, Anthony. Ideology at work: reconsidering ideology, the labour process and workplace resistance. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, v. 37, n. 5–6, p. 266–279, 2017.
LÓPEZ, Tatiana; RIEDLER, Tim; KÖHNEN, Heiner; FÜTTERER, Michael. Digital value chain restructuring and labour process transformations in the fast‐fashion sector: Evidence from the value chains of Zara. Global Networks, v. 22, n. 4, p. 684–700, 16. 2022.
LYNN, Andrew. MacIntyre, Managerialism, and Metatheory: Organizational Theory as an Ideology of Control. Journal of Critical Realism, v. 16, n. 2, p. 143–162, 2017.
MATHER, Kim; SEIFERT, Roger. The close supervision of further education lecturers: “You have been weighed, measured and found wanting”. Work, Employment and Society, v. 28, n. 1, p. 95–111, 2014.
MATHER, Kim; WORRALL, Les; MATHER, Graeme. Engineering compliance and worker resistance in UK further education: The creation of the Stepford lecturer. Employee Relations, v. 34, n. 5, p. 534–554, 2012.
MCCABE, Darren. Individualization at work?: Subjectivity, teamworking and anti-unionism. Organization, v. 14, n. 2, p. 243–266, 2007.
MCCANN, Leo; MORRIS, Jonathan; HASSARD, John. Normalized intensity: The new labour process of middle management. Journal of Management Studies, v. 45, n. 2, p. 343–371, 2008.
MCDONALD, Paula; WILLIAMS, Penny; MAYES, Robyn. Means of Control in the Organization of Digitally Intermediated Care Work. Work, Employment and Society, v. 35, n. 5, p. 872–890, 22. 2021.
MENGAY, Adrian. Digitalization of work and heteronomy. Capital and Class, v. 44, n. 2, p. 273–285, 2020.
MOORE, Phoebe; JOYCE, Simon. Black box or hidden abode? The expansion and exposure of platform work managerialism. Review of International Political Economy, v. 27, n. 4, p. 926–948, 2020.
MOORE, Phoebe; ROBINSON, Andrew. The quantified self: What counts in the neoliberal workplace. New Media and Society, v. 18, n. 11, p. 2774–2792, 2016.
MORALES, Karol; STECHER, Antonio. Platform capitalism and neo‐normative control: “Autonomy” as a digital platform control strategy in neoliberal Chile. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 38, n. 2, p. 230–251, 12. 2023.
MOTH, Rich. ‘The business end’: Neoliberal policy reforms and biomedical residualism in frontline community mental health practice in England. Competition and Change, v. 24, n. 2, p. 133–153, 2020.
NEWSOME, Kirsty; THOMPSON, Paul; COMMANDER, Johanna. “You monitor performance at every hour”: Labour and the management of performance in the supermarket supply chain. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 28, n. 1, p. 1–15, 2013.
O’DOHERTY, Damian; WILLMOTT, Hugh. Debating Labour Process Theory. Sociology, n. 35, p. 1–29, 2001.
PANIMBANG, Fahmi. Solidarity across boundaries: a new practice of collectivity among workers in the app-based transport sector in Indonesia. Globalizations, v. 18, n. 8, p. 1377–1391, 17. 2021.
PEREZ, Domingo; LINK, Sebastián. Control territorial, del proceso de trabajo y de la propiedad privada: sindicalismo chileno en empresas de minería versus de supermercados. Política y Sociedad, v. 55, n. 2, p. 575–596, 2018.
PÉREZ, Pablo; CIFUENTES, Lucas. The Service Industry, Private-sector Employment and Social Class in Chile: New Developments from Labour Process Theory. Critical Sociology, v. 46, n. 3, p. 443–461, 2020.
PRICE, Anne; MANSFIELD, Caroline; MCCONNEY, Andrew. Considering “teacher resilience” from critical discourse and labour process theory perspectives. British Journal of Sociology of Education, v. 33, n. 1, p. 81–95, 2012.
QI, Hao; LI, Zhongjin. Putting Precarity Back to Production: A Case Study of Didi Kuaiche Drivers in the City of Nanjing, China. Review of Radical Political Economics, v. 52, n. 3, p. 506–522, 2020.
RAELIN, Joseph A. The end of managerial control? Group and Organization Management, v. 36, n. 2, p. 135–160, 2011.
REDDY, Raghunandan; SHARMA, Arun Kumar; JHA, Munmun. Gendered labour process: Exploration in an information technology services organization in India. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, v. 39, n. 9–10, p. 831–850, 2019.
RUSSELL, Bob. Call centres: A decade of research. International Journal of Management Reviews, v. 10, n. 3, p. 195–219. 2008.
SALLAZ, Jeffrey J. Permanent Pedagogy: How Post-Fordist Firms Generate Effort but Not Consent. Work and Occupations, 2015. v. 42.
SCHAUPP, Simon. Algorithmic Integration and Precarious (Dis)Obedience: On the Co-Constitution of Migration Regime and Workplace Regime in Digitalised Manufacturing and Logistics. Work, Employment and Society, v. 36, n. 2, p. 310–327, 23 abr. 2022.
SHULZHENKO, Elena; HOLMGREN, Jens. Gains from resistance: rejection of a new digital technology in a healthcare sector workplace. New Technology, Work and Employment, v. 35, n. 3, p. 276–296, 2020.
SMITH, Chris. Continuity and Change in Labor Process Analysis Forty Years after Labor and Monopoly Capital. Labor Studies Journal, v. 40, n. 3, p. 222–242, 2015.
SPIVACK, April J.; MILOSEVIC, Ivana. Perceived Location Autonomy and Work Environment Choice: The Mediating Influence of Intrinsic Motivation. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, v. 54, n. 3, p. 325–348, 2018.
STEWART, Paul; LUCIO, Miguel Martínez. Collective narratives and politics in the contemporary study of work: The new management practices debate. Work, Employment and Society, v. 25, n. 2, p. 327–341, 2011.
TASSINARI, Arianna; MACCARRONE, Vincenzo. Riders on the Storm: Workplace Solidarity among Gig Economy Couriers in Italy and the UK. Work, Employment and Society, v. 34, n. 1, p. 35–54, 2020.
TERRY, Esme et alii Emotional Labour and the Autonomy of Dependent Self-Employed Workers: The Limitations of Digital Managerial Control in the Home Credit Sector. Work, Employment and Society, v. 36, n. 4, p. 665–682, 17. 2022.
THOMPSON, Paul. Adler’s theory of the capitalist labour process: A Pale(o) imitation. Organization Studies, v. 28, n. 9, p. 1359–1368, 2007.
THOMPSON, Paul. The Nature of Work. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989.
THOMPSON, Paul; BROEK, Diane von Den. Managerial control and workplace regimes: An introduction. Work, Employment and Society, v. 24, n. 3, p. 1–12, 2010.
THOMPSON, Paul; PARKER, Rachel; COX, Sephen. Interrogating Creative Theory and Creative Work: Inside the Games Studio. Sociology, p. 1–33, 2016.
THOMPSON, Paul; SMITH, Chris. Labour power and labour process: Contesting the marginality of the sociology of work. Sociology, v. 43, n. 5, p. 913–930, 2009.
TOWNSEND, Keith et alii Working time alterations within the Australian construction industry. Personnel Review, v. 40, n. 1, p. 70–86, 16. 2011.
TRANFIELD, David; DENYER, David; SMART, Palminder. Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, v. 14, n. 4, p. 207–222, 2003.
VEEN, Alex; BARRATT, Tom; GOODS, Caleb. Platform-Capital’s ‘App-etite’ for Control: A Labour Process Analysis of Food-Delivery Work in Australia. Work, Employment and Society, v. 34, n. 3, p. 388–406, 2020.
VINCENT, Steve. The emotional labour process: An essay on the economy of feelings. Human Relations, v. 64, n. 10, p. 1369–1392, 2011.
WALKER, Marquita. Parallel narratives: resistance strategies of low-wage female hospitality workers and nineteenth-century black enslaved females. Labor History, v. 58, n. 3, p. 372–395, 2017.
WOOD, Alex J. et alii Good Gig, Bad Gig: Autonomy and Algorithmic Control in the Global Gig Economy. Work, Employment and Society, v. 33, n. 1, p. 56–75, 2019.
WOODCOCK, Jamie. Digital labour in the university: Understanding the transformations of academic work in the UK. TripleC, v. 16, n. 1, p. 129–142, 2018.
WOODS, Megan et alii Mental Illness, Social Suffering and Structural Antagonism in the Labour Process. Work, Employment and Society, v. 33, n. 6, p. 948–965, 28 dez. 2019.
WRIGHT, Christopher. Historical interpretations of the labour process: Retrospect and future research directions. Labour History, v. 100, n. 1, p. 19–32, 2011.
WU, Qingjun et alii Labor control in the gig economy: Evidence from Uber in China. Journal of Industrial Relations, v. 61, n. 4, p. 574–596, 2019.
YANG, Da; DUMAY, John; TWEEDIE, Dale. Accounting’s role in resisting wage theft: a labour process theory analysis. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, v. 34, n. 1, p. 85–110, 20. 2020.
